Key result
Methylatropine, epinephrine, and glucagon, but not calcium chloride, reverse diltiazem-induced AV blocks in dogs.
Why the study?
The effects of epinephrine, glucagon, methylatropine, and calcium chloride on atrioventricular conduction disturbances caused by high doses of diltiazem were unclear.
Do methylatropine, epinephrine, glucagon, or calcium chloride reverse atrioventricular conduction disturbances and hypotension produced by high-dose diltiazem in conscious dogs?
Population
6 conscious dogs with implanted ECG electrodes and catheters infused with high-dose diltiazem
Comparison
Methylatropine, epinephrine, glucagon versus calcium chloride effects on AV conduction disturbances
Design
Preclinical experimental study in conscious dogs
Authors
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May inform antidote selection in diltiazem overdose; leaves open human translation from this canine model.
Do methylatropine, epinephrine, glucagon, or calcium chloride reverse atrioventricular conduction disturbances and hypotension produced by high-dose diltiazem in conscious dogs?
In a canine model of diltiazem toxicity, methylatropine, epinephrine, and glucagon successfully reversed high-degree AV blocks, whereas calcium chloride did not, supporting their clinical use in calcium channel blocker overdose.
SABATIER et al. (1991) studied Diltiazem-induced atrioventricular conduction disturbances (n=6). Methylatropine, epinephrine, glucagon, and calcium chloride was evaluated on Reversal of AVII and AVIII blocks and re-establishment of normal sinus rhythm. Methylatropine, epinephrine, and glucagon, but not calcium chloride, almost entirely abolished AV blocks produced by high-dose diltiazem and re-established normal sinus rhythm in conscious dogs.
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