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Additionally, the concept of cognitive frailty is "a combination of decline in physical function and mild cognitive decline equivalent to mild cognitive impairment (MCI)".4 Because a diagnosis is required in the pre-dementia stage, the clinical dementia rating (CDR) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are used.In general, the Mini-Cognitive Assessment Instrument (Mini-Cog) is not used for cognitive frailty.Therefore, "Cognitive" and Mini-Cog should be removed from Table 9.We do hope that the authors correctly address how to assess frailty in patients with heart failure.
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Kobayashi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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