Key result
Lower pulse oximetry SpO2 tracks advancing lower extremity chronic arterial disease, dropping to ~48% in Fontaine IV.
Why the study?
Chronic arterial insufficiency of lower extremities is a significant health problem with high morbidity, disability, and mortality, requiring early stage detection methods.
Does pulse oximetry correlate with the clinical stage of chronic arterial insufficiency in patients with lower extremity CAI?
Observational (n=50)
No
Does pulse oximetry correlate with the clinical stage of chronic arterial insufficiency in patients with lower extremity CAI?
Pulse oximetry provides a simple and reliable method to assess the severity and stage of chronic arterial insufficiency in the lower extremities.
SpO2 via pulse oximetry tracks CAI stage progression; leaves open routine diagnostic adoption pending validation.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic arterial insufficiency (CAI) of lower extremities is important socio-economical and healthcare problem, due to its high incidence of morbidity, disability and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our work was to determine the diagnostic importance of pulse oximetry in the early detection of stage of lower extremities CAI based on peripheral arterial oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO2). METHODS: Prospectively, we analyzed a group of 50 patients, admitted at the Vascular Department of Surgical Clinic in Nis during the period from September 2006 to October 2007, with evident symptoms and signs of different stages of lower extremities CAI verified by ultrasonography. In patients with lower extremity disorder of tissue arterial capillaries, SpO2 was determined by pulse oximetry. RESULTS: Using pulse oximetry, depending on the of stage of lower extremities CAI, we revealed a considerable difference in the stages of functional ischemia SpO2: Fontaine I - 95.33 +/- 1.41%, Fontaine IIa - 92.14 +/- 2.27% and Fontaine IIb - 79.67 +/- 2.73%; in stage critical ischemia SpO2: Fontaine III - 62.54 +/- 4.39% and Fontaine IV - 47.67 +/- 6.16%. In 3 patients with gangrenous foot and fingers SpO2 was immeasurable and progressive decrease in SpO2 of arterial capillaries (p < 0.01 between stages). CONCLUSION: Due to the reliability and simplicity of pulse oximetry it can be a routinely used diagnostic device for patients with early determined stage of lower extremities CAI.
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Ignjatović et al. (2010) conducted an observational in Chronic arterial insufficiency (CAI) of lower extremities (n=50). Pulse oximetry vs. Different Fontaine stages was evaluated on Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO2) (p=< 0.01). Pulse oximetry revealed a progressive decrease in SpO2 across stages of lower extremity chronic arterial insufficiency, from 95.33% in Fontaine I to 47.67% in Fontaine IV (p < 0.01 between stages).
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