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The human pre-adipocyte cell line SGBS exhibits a transient brown phenotype, with classical brown markers such as UCP1 and PPARγ peaking at day 14 and declining by day 28 post-differentiation.
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Human SGBS adipocytes display a transient brown phenotype that converts to a white phenotype over time, providing a model to study white-to-brown adipocyte conversion.
BACKGROUND: Functional brown adipose tissue (BAT), involved in energy expenditure, has recently been detected in substantial amounts in adults. Formerly overlooked BAT has now become an attractive anti-obesity target. METHODS AND RESULTS: Molecular characterization of human brown and white adipocytes, using a myriad of techniques including high-throughput RNA sequencing and functional assays, showed that PAZ6 and SW872 cells exhibit classical molecular and phenotypic markers of brown and white adipocytes, respectively. However, the pre-adipocyte cell line SGBS presents a versatile phenotype. A transit expression of classical brown markers such as UCP1 and PPARγ peaked and declined at day 28 post-differentiation initiation. Conversely, white adipocyte markers, including Tcf21, showed reciprocal behavior. Interestingly, leptin levels peaked at day 28 whereas the highest adiponectin mRNA levels were detected at day 14 of differentiation. Phenotypic analysis of the abundance and shape of lipid droplets were consistent with the molecular patterns. Accordingly, the oxidative capacity of SGBS adipocytes peaked on differentiation day 14 and declined progressively towards differentiation day 28. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies have unveiled a new phenotype of human adipocytes, providing a tool to identify molecular gene expression patterns and pathways involved in the conversion between white and brown adipocytes.
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Guennoun et al. (2015) studied Obesity and Adipocyte Biology. Adipocyte differentiation vs. Undifferentiated cells or different time points (e.g., Day 14 vs Day 28) was evaluated on Expression of brown and white adipocyte markers (e.g., UCP1, PPARγ). The human pre-adipocyte cell line SGBS exhibits a transient brown phenotype, with classical brown markers such as UCP1 and PPARγ peaking at day 14 and declining by day 28 post-differentiation.
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