Key result
Meningococcal C and hepatitis B vaccines linked to pediatric eosinophilic myocarditis within ~30 days.
Why the study?
Eosinophilic myocarditis after vaccination with conjugate meningococcal C and hepatitis B vaccines had not been previously reported with tissue confirmation.
Case Report (n=271)
Alerts clinicians to possible post-vaccination eosinophilic myocarditis in children; hypothesis-generating and does not establish causality.
We report the first cases of tissue-proven eosinophilic myocarditis after single vaccine administration of conjugate meningococcal C and hepatitis B vaccine, respectively. The nature of histopathologic findings strongly supports hypersensitivity reaction and negates viral etiology, which is typically characterized by a lymphocytic infiltrate. Both episodes resolved with corticosteroid therapy. To enhance discussion of our cases, we performed a systematic review of the literature on postimmunization myocarditis or pericarditis, and identified 37 publications, reporting 269 cases during the search period (1966-2007). Time of onset of cardiac symptoms in all patients ranged from 1 to 30 days postimmunization.
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Finkelstein et al. (2008) conducted a case report in Eosinophilic myocarditis (n=271). Conjugate meningococcal C and hepatitis B vaccines was evaluated on Onset of cardiac symptoms. Conjugate meningococcal C and hepatitis B vaccines were temporally associated with tissue-proven eosinophilic myocarditis in children, with symptom onset occurring 1 to 30 days postimmunization.
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