Key result
Beta-blockers and RAAS inhibitors improve HFpEF symptoms but show no survival difference at 18 months.
Why the study?
The clinical effectiveness of beta-blockers and RAAS inhibitors in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was not well established.
Do beta-blockers and RAAS inhibitors improve functional capacity, cardiac function, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
Do beta-blockers and RAAS inhibitors improve functional capacity, cardiac function, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
p-value: p=> 0.05
In patients with HFpEF, treatment with beta-blockers, ACEIs, ARBs, ARNIs, or MRAs improved symptoms and functional markers to varying degrees, but none demonstrated a significant difference in 18-month survival.
Purpose: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of beta-blockers (BBs) and renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors in chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: 100 patients with HFpEF admitted to The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, China, between April and June 2023 were stratified into five groups. Beta-blocker (BB) group received bisoprolol, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) group received benazepril hydrochloride, angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) group received candesartan, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) group received sacubitril valsartan, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) group received spironolactone. Differences in clinical effectiveness, six-minute walking distance (6MWD), cardiac functionality, quality of life, and survival rate were compared among the groups. Results: Beta-blocker group showed the highest efficacy. After treatment, all groups except MRA showed significant improvement in 6MWD. Also, ACEI, ARB, and ARNI groups exhibited significantly longer 6 MWD than MRA group (p < 0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction levels showed significant improvement in the ACEI, ARNI, and MRA groups (p < 0.05), while pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) decreased in the BB, ACEI, ARNI, and MRA groups (p < 0.05). After treatment, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores of BB, ACEI, ARB, and ARNI groups were significantly lower than before treatment (p < 0.05). All five groups significantly exhibited decline in NTproBNP levels after treatment (p < 0.05). However, at 18-month follow-up, there was no significant difference in survival rates among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Beta-blockers (BBs) and RAAS inhibitors show promising activity in HFpEF, bisoprolol enhances cardiac function, benazepril improves symptoms, candesartan aids exercise and sacubitril valsartan elevates cardiac class. However, none of these drugs significantly improves clinical outcomes.
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Zhao et al. (2024) studied chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (n=100). Beta-blockers, ACEI, ARB, ARNI, and MRA vs. Active comparison among five groups was evaluated on survival rates (p=> 0.05). Treatment with beta-blockers and RAAS inhibitors improved symptoms and cardiac function in HFpEF, but there was no significant difference in 18-month survival rates among the groups (P>0.05).
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