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This study was motivated by the low learning process and learning outcomes of Grade IV students in Pancasila Education at SDN 219/II BTN Lintas Asri. Classroom observations revealed teacher-centered instruction, limiting students’ participation and resulting in low achievement, with only 26.92% of students meeting the Learning Objective Achievement Criteria (KKTP). The study aimed to improve students’ learning processes and outcomes through the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. This Classroom Action Research involved 26 students and was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observations, tests, and documentation. The findings showed significant improvements: teacher activity increased from 80% to 100%, the proportion of students in the high and very high learning process categories rose from 19.23% to 92.31%, and learning mastery improved from 61.54% in Cycle I to 88.46% in Cycle II. Thus, the PBL model effectively enhanced learning processes and outcomes.
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Putri et al. (2026) studied this question.
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