Key result
High-fat diet with ANG II and TNF-α transiently increases blood pressure during pregnancy versus virgins.
Why the study?
Oxidative stress and inflammation are risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy, prompting examination of 24-h mean arterial pressure and the nitric oxide and redox systems in virgin and pregnant rats exposed to a high-fat/prooxidant Western diet, ANG II, and TNF-α.
Does a high-fat/prooxidant Western diet combined with ANG II and TNF-α infusion elevate 24-hour mean arterial pressure and renal oxidative stress in pregnant rats compared to virgin rats?
Does a high-fat/prooxidant Western diet combined with ANG II and TNF-α infusion elevate 24-hour mean arterial pressure and renal oxidative stress in pregnant rats compared to virgin rats?
Pregnant rats are resistant to sustained elevations in blood pressure and renal oxidative stress when subjected to a chronic high-fat diet combined with prooxidant (ANG II) and proinflammatory (TNF-α) insults, maintaining preserved renal nitric oxide bioavailability.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Pregnancy confers transient resistance to combined high-fat/ANG II/TNF-α insults; leaves open mechanisms preserving renal NO bioavailability in translational models.
Oxidative stress and inflammation are risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy. Here, we examined the 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) via telemetry and the nitric oxide (NO) and redox systems in the kidney cortex, medulla, and aorta of virgin and pregnant rats treated with a high-fat/prooxidant Western diet (HFD), ANG II, and TNF-α. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given a normal diet (ND) or a HFD for 8 wk before mating. Day 6 of pregnancy and age-matched virgins were implanted with minipumps infusing saline or ANG II (150 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1)) + TNF-α (75 ng/day) for 14 days. Groups consisted of Virgin + ND + Saline (V+ND) (n = 7), Virgin + HFD +ANG II and TNF-α (V+HFD) (n = 7), Pregnant + ND + Saline (P+ND) (n = 6), and Pregnant + HFD + ANG II and TNF-α (P+HFD) (n = 8). After day 6 of minipump implantation, V+HFD rats displayed an increase in MAP on days 7, 8, and 10-15 vs. V+ND rats. P+HFD rats, after day 6 of minipump implantation, showed an increase in MAP only on day 7 vs. P+ND rats. P+HFD rats had a normal fall in 24-h MAP, hematocrit, plasma protein concentration, and osmolality at late pregnancy. No change in kidney cortex, medulla, or aortic oxidative stress in P+HFD rats. P+HFD rats displayed a decrease in nNOSβ abundance, but no change in kidney cortex NOx content vs. P+ND rats. Pregnant rats subjected to a chronic HFD and prooxidant and proinflammatory insults have a blunted increase in 24-h MAP and renal oxidative stress. Our data suggest renal NO bioavailability is not altered in pregnant rats treated with a HFD, ANG II, and TNF-α.
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Cunningham et al. (2015) studied Hypertension in pregnancy (preclinical rat model) (n=28). High-fat/prooxidant Western diet (HFD) with angiotensin II (ANG II) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) vs. Normal diet (ND) with saline infusion was evaluated on 24-hour mean arterial pressure (MAP) via telemetry and nitric oxide (NO) and redox systems in the kidney cortex, medulla, and aorta. High-fat diet with ANG II and TNF-α increased MAP in pregnant rats only on day 7 vs days 7, 8, and 10-15 in virgin rats, with no change in renal oxidative stress.
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