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This study analyzes the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance and digital transformation, and examines digital transformation as a mediating mechanism, at KPPBC Type Madya Pabean C Kantor Pos Pasar Baru, addressing a gap in customs research where technology-adaptation capability remains unexplored as a performance mediator. Using a quantitative descriptive design, questionnaires were distributed to purposively sampled employees between 26 August and 4 September 2026, yielding 97 valid responses analyzed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS 4.1.1.8. Results show transformational leadership positively affects employee performance and digital transformation, digital transformation positively affects performance, and partially mediates leadership's effect on performance, implying leadership and digitalization should be developed jointly to optimize performance outcomes.
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Permadi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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