What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Hypertension (n=31). Intervention: Hypertension vs. Non-hypertensive. Primary outcome: Microbial diversity and taxonomic signatures.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To investigate the relationships among gut microbiome composition, dietary habits, and hypertension status in Thai adults.

April 23, 2026PeerJOpen Access

Associations among diet, gut microbiota, and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in Thai subjects

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Hypertension in Thai adults was strongly associated with host factors rather than diet, with hypertensive subjects showing expansion of Phascolarctobacterium and depletion of Alistipes.

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Key result

Hypertension links to host factors rather than diet, featuring expanded Phascolarctobacterium and depleted Alistipes.

n=31

Why the study?

The role of the gut microbiota in the increasing prevalence of hypertension in Thailand, influenced by changing dietary patterns, remained unexplored.

Population

31 Thai adults (12 non-hypertensive and 19 hypertensive subjects)

Comparison

Hypertensive subjects vs non-hypertensive subjects

Design

Cross-sectional study

Authors

PTPhatthanaphong TherdtathaMaejo University TBThanapoj BuakhaoPhramongkutklao Hospital NKNiwed KullawongMae Fah Luang University

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Host factors outweigh diet in Thai hypertension microbiome shifts; leaves open functional interactions as hypothesis-generating targets for trials.

Key Points

To investigate the relationships among gut microbiome composition, dietary habits, and hypertension status in Thai adults.
Fecal microbiomes were analyzed from 31 Thai adults categorized into non-hypertensive (NHT, n = 12) and hypertensive (HT, n = 19) groups based on clinical and dietary records.
Conducted 16S rRNA V3–V4 sequencing to assess alpha diversity (Shannon, Pielou, Faith's PD, observed features) and beta diversity using unweighted and weighted UniFrac, Bray–Curtis, and Jaccard distances.
Integrated dietary, anthropometric, and microbial data via Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA), Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe), ALDEx2, and HAllA, with functional profiles predicted using PICRUSt2.
Microbial richness and evenness were significantly higher in the HT group for Shannon and Pielou indices (p < 0.05), with beta diversity differing significantly only by unweighted UniFrac distance (p = 0.021).
LEfSe identified key taxonomic signatures in the HT group, including the expansion of Phascolarctobacterium and depletion of Alistipes (LDA score > 2.0, p < 0.05).
Multiple Factor Analysis demonstrated that host factors such as age (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001), DBP (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001), and SBP (r = 0.80, p < 0.0001) drove primary group separation, whereas dietary variation and microbial composition contributed minimally.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=31)

Structured PICO

Population

31 Thai adults aged 20-70 years, including 19 hypertensive and 12 non-hypertensive subjects from a single district.

Comparator

Non-hypertensive subjects (n=12)

Outcome

Differences in gut microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and functional profiles between hypertensive and non-hypertensive groupssurrogate

Hypertension in Thai adults is associated with distinct gut microbiota signatures and functional dysbiosis, primarily driven by host factors rather than diet.

Limitations

Small sample size (n=31) falling short of the calculated requirement of 50
Single district recruitment
Voluntary participation bias

Cite This Study

Therdtatha et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=31). Hypertension vs. Non-hypertensive was evaluated on Microbial diversity and taxonomic signatures. Hypertension in Thai adults was strongly associated with host factors rather than diet, with hypertensive subjects showing expansion of Phascolarctobacterium and depletion of Alistipes.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e9baa885696592c86ecc14 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21135

Topics

Hypertension management

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Implication

Host factors outweigh diet in Thai hypertension microbiome shifts; leaves open functional interactions as hypothesis-generating targets for trials.

Associations among diet, gut microbiota, and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in Thai subjects

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Topics

Associations among diet, gut microbiota, and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in Thai subjects

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Topics

Also Consider