Key result
Neuroendocrine markers provide diagnostic and independent prognostic information in heart failure, offering a profile that may guide future medical treatment choices.
Population
Patients with heart failure
Design
Review
Authors
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Supports neuroendocrine profiling for HF risk stratification; leaves open whether marker-guided therapy improves outcomes.
Neuroendocrine activation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of heart failure, offering valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.
Kjær et al. (2001) conducted a review in Heart failure. Neuroendocrine markers provide diagnostic and independent prognostic information in heart failure, offering a profile that may guide future medical treatment choices.
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