January 12, 1988Acta Medica Scandinavica
Separate and Combined Effects of Smoking and Alcohol Abuse in Middle‐aged Men
Why the study?
Do smoking and alcohol abuse independently and synergistically increase the risk of coronary death and total mortality in middle-aged men?
Population
7,495 middle-aged men from a primary prevention trial
Comparison
Smoking and alcohol abuse vs Non-smoking, non-alcoholic subjects
Design
Cohort
Follow-up
11.8 years
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
May warrant dual-exposure risk assessment in middle-aged men; leaves open causality and intervention effects.
Structured PICO
Do smoking and alcohol abuse independently and synergistically increase the risk of coronary death and total mortality in middle-aged men?
P
Population
7,495 middle-aged men from a primary prevention trial
I
Intervention
Smoking and alcohol abuse
C
Comparator
Non-smoking, non-alcoholic subjects
O
Outcome
Non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary death, and total mortalityhard clinical
Smoking and alcohol abuse are independently associated with coronary death, and their combination substantially increases the risk of coronary death and total mortality.
Cite This Study
Rosengren et al. (1988) studied this question.