Key result
Stabilized SBP trajectory linked to ~62% higher dementia risk vs. normal trajectory.
Why the study?
To investigate the associations between trajectory patterns of blood pressure change and subsequent dementia risk, and explore differences across age, gender, and hypertension subgroups.
Does the trajectory of blood pressure change affect the risk of incident dementia in older adults?
Cohort (n=10,660)
Yes
Does the trajectory of blood pressure change affect the risk of incident dementia in older adults?
Hazard Ratio: 1.62 (95% CI 1.27–2.07)
In older adults, a stabilized (declining) systolic blood pressure trajectory is associated with an increased risk of incident dementia, highlighting the need to consider age and baseline hypertension when evaluating BP decline.
Caution warranted interpreting stabilized BP trajectories in older adults; hypothesis-generating for dementia risk, needs prospective confirmation.
The present study aimed to investigate the associations between the trajectory of blood pressure (BP) change and the risk of subsequent dementia and to explore the differences in age, gender, and hypertension subgroups. We included 10,660 participants aged ≥ 60 years from 1998 to 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Latent growth mixture models were used to estimate BP trajectories. Cox-proportional hazard models were used to analyze the effects of BP trajectories on the risk of dementia. According to the results, stabilized systolic BP (SBP) was found to be associated with a higher risk of dementia compared with normal SBP [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-2.07] and elevated SBP (aHR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.51-3.28) in and only in the subgroups of the oldest-old, women, and subjects without hypertension at baseline. Similarly, stabilized pulse pressure (PP) was associated with a higher risk of dementia compared with normal PP (aHR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.24-1.88) and elevated PP (aHR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.48-3.04) in and only in the subgroups of the oldest-old, women, and subjects with hypertension at baseline. These findings suggest that stabilized SBP and PP have predictive significance for the occurrence of dementia in late life, and the factors of age, gender, and late-life hypertension should be considered when estimating the risk of BP decline on dementia.
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Cheng et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Dementia (n=10,660). Stabilized systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectory vs. Normal systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectory was evaluated on Incident dementia (aHR 1.62, 95% CI 1.27-2.07). A stabilized systolic blood pressure trajectory was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident dementia compared with a normal systolic blood pressure trajectory (aHR 1.62).
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