Effect of Apolipoprotein A1 Genetic Variants at G-75A (Promoter Region) on Lipid Parameters in Acute Myocardial Infarction

This study aimed to find an association between G-75A sequence variations in the promoter region of apolipoprotein A1 (APO-A1) gene with respect to myocardial infarction (MI) and serum lipid profile. Fifty-two MI cases and 52 age-, gender-, and risk factor-matched controls were included in this study. Fasting venous blood was collected from each patient and baseline investigations, lipid profile, and polymorphic studies were done. Genotype frequency distribution between cases and controls was compared by chi-square test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to know the relationship between fasting serum lipid variables with the genotype distribution. Genotypes across the cases and control reveal that "GG" homozygous genotype was higher among cases and "GA" genotype seen more in controls, AA approximately equal among cases and controls. But the difference was statistically insignificant. "G" allele was higher among cases (0.75) than among controls (0.69) and frequency of "A" allele was higher among controls (0.30) than among cases (0.25). In GA genotype, mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL), APO-A1 were high and low APO-B/APO-A1 ratio as compared with GG genotype. But there were no statistically significant differences between G allele and A allele carriers for any lipid variables. There were no statistically significant differences across genotype as well as lipid variables in G-75A (promoter) region of APO-A1 gene for the development of MI.