The Relationship Between the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and Electrocardiographic Parameters in Predicting Outcomes After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Figures

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  Figure 1. The calibration of the measurement tool using software-provided calipers.

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  Figure 2. KCCQ scores at admission and a 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months following CRT. The graph shows the actual values of KCCQ, indicating a significant improvement in patient quality of life after therapy, with sustained benefits observed through the 12-month follow-up.

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  Figure 3. Boxplot showing the distribution of KCCQ scores at admission and at 6 months, 9 months, and 1 year following CRT. The boxes represent the interquartile range (IQR), with the median value indicated by the horizontal line. Asterisks (**) denote statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) compared to the baseline, as determined by the ANOVA test (** p < 0.01).

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  Figure 4. Histogram showing the post-implant evolution of the KCCQ parameters. Delta KCCQ represents KCCQ values at 12 months compared to KCCQ values at baseline. The study’s population had a mean improvement in KCCQ of 20.8 points, with a standard deviation of 12.4 points. As no distinct populations were clearly differentiated on the histogram, a value over the median (23 points) was regarded as a good response to therapy.

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  Figure 5. A forest plot showing the odds ratio for the response to therapy in terms of KCCQ improvement at 12 months. Patients with a QRS area above the median (106.91 microV*s) were 4.26 times more likely to respond to resynchronization therapy, as measured by the KCCQ, compared with patients with lower QRS area values.

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  Figure 6. Correlation matrix showing the outcome measurements at baseline and at 12 months, and highlighting their differences (value at 12 months—value at baseline, denoted as a delta parameter). The graph color codes the strength of correlation (Pearson R value), with positive correlations in blue and negative correlations in red (see the color bar in the upper-left corner). Statistically significant correlations are indicated by the p value noted in the corresponding cell.