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June 12, 2026International Journal of General MedicineOpen Access

Value of Color Doppler Echocardiography for Predicting Heart Failure After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

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Why the study?

The study was conducted to evaluate the role of color Doppler echocardiography in assessing ventricular remodeling and post-PCI heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Does baseline color Doppler echocardiography predict heart failure and assess ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention?

Population

81 AMI patients admitted to a single hospital

Comparison

Patients undergoing PCI vs patients not undergoing PCI

Design

Retrospective analysis

Follow-up

6 months

Key result

Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrated excellent predictive performance for the development of heart failure within 6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention, with an AUC of 0.885.

Authors

LRLingyun RenZHZehao HuZHZihui Huang

Discussion

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Overview

May inform post-PCI HF risk stratification in AMI; leaves open prospective validation before routine adoption.

Key Points

  • Evaluate the predictive value of color Doppler echocardiography for heart failure following percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction.
  • Retrospective analysis of 81 AMI patients, with 49 undergoing PCI and 32 not undergoing PCI.
  • Measured left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction using echocardiography at multiple time points.
  • Used receiver operating characteristic curves to assess sensitivity and multivariate logistics for risk factors.
  • Significantly lower ΔLVEDVI in the PCI group at all follow-up points (P < 0.05).
  • Increased LVEDD and LVESD with a decrease in LVEF in patients developing post-PCI heart failure (P < 0.05).
  • Color Doppler echocardiography showed excellent diagnostic performance for predicting heart failure (P < 0.05).

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=81)

Blinding

Blinded outcome assessment

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does baseline color Doppler echocardiography predict heart failure and assess ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention?

P
Population
81 patients with acute myocardial infarction (mean age 63.6 years, 23.5% female), including 49 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, followed for 6 months.
E
Exposure
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus guideline-directed medical therapy (aspirin 100 mg/day, clopidogrel 75 mg/day or ticagrelor 180 mg/day, ACEI/ARB, beta-blockers, and statins)
C
Comparator
Guideline-directed medical therapy alone (aspirin, clopidogrel or ticagrelor, statins, beta-blockers, and ACEI/ARB) without PCI due to delayed presentation, refusal, or contraindications
O
Outcome
Ventricular remodeling (assessed by serial change in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index [ΔLVEDVI]) and occurrence of heart failure within 6 months after treatmentsurrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: AUC 0.885 (95% CI 0.779-0.991)

p-value: p=<0.001

Baseline color Doppler echocardiography, particularly LVEF, effectively predicts the 6-month risk of heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI.

Limitations

  • Modest sample size with a limited number of heart failure events (n=11)
  • Single-center retrospective design limits generalizability and cannot exclude selection bias
  • Short follow-up time of 6 months may be insufficient to capture late remodeling events
  • Lack of advanced automated echocardiographic analysis tools
  • Single-center retrospective study design with potential selection bias
  • Short follow-up time (6 months) insufficient to capture late remodeling events and long-term clinical outcomes

Cite This Study

Ren et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Acute Myocardial Infarction (n=81). Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated on Prediction of post-PCI heart failure (AUC 0.885, 95% CI 0.779-0.991, p=<0.001). Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrated excellent predictive performance for the development of heart failure within 6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention, with an AUC of 0.885.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd1386550ea4541ffe951https://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s608632
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