Key result
The RT-LAMP system detected poliovirus in 94% of cell culture-positive stool samples, demonstrating high sensitivity comparable to cell culture for PV, HEV-A, and HEV-C, but lower sensitivity for HEV-B.
The developed RT-LAMP system provides a rapid and highly sensitive method for detecting poliovirus and other enteroviruses directly from stool samples, comparable to cell culture for most strains.
May accelerate enterovirus detection in AFP surveillance; leaves open prospective field validation before eradication program adoption.
BACKGROUND: In the global eradication program for poliomyelitis, the laboratory diagnosis plays a critical role by isolating poliovirus (PV) from the stool samples of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases. In this study, we developed a reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) system for a rapid and highly sensitive detection of enterovirus including PV to identify stool samples positive for enterovirus including PV. METHODS: A primer set was designed for RT-LAMP to detect enterovirus preferably those with PV-like 5'NTRs of the viral genome. The sensitivity of RT-LAMP system was evaluated with prototype strains of enterovirus. Detection of enterovirus from stool extracts was examined by using RT-LAMP system. RESULTS: We detected at least 400 copies of the viral genomes of PV(Sabin) strains within 90 min by RT-LAMP with the primer set. This RT-LAMP system showed a preference for Human enterovirus species C (HEV-C) strains including PV, but exhibited less sensitivity to the prototype strains of HEV-A and HEV-B (detection limits of 7,400 to 28,000 copies). Stool extracts, from which PV, HEV-C, or HEV-A was isolated in the cell culture system, were mostly positive by RT-LAMP method (positive rates of 15/16 (= 94%), 13/14 (= 93%), and 4/4 (= 100%), respectively). The positive rate of this RT-LAMP system for stool extracts from which HEV-B was isolated was lower than that of HEV-C (positive rate of 11/21 (= 52%)). In the stool samples, which were negative for enterovirus isolation by the cell culture system, we found that two samples were positive for RT-LAMP (positive rates of 2/38 (= 5.3%)). In these samples, enterovirus 96 was identified by sequence analysis utilizing a seminested PCR system. CONCLUSIONS: RT-LAMP system developed in this study showed a high sensitivity comparable to that of the cell culture system for the detection of PV, HEV-A, and HEV-C, but less sensitivity to HEV-B. This RT-LAMP system would be useful for the direct detection of enterovirus from the stool extracts.
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Arita et al. (2009) studied Acute flaccid paralysis (n=93). RT-LAMP system vs. Cell culture system was evaluated on Positive detection rate of poliovirus (PV) in cell culture-positive stool extracts. The RT-LAMP system detected poliovirus in 94% of cell culture-positive stool samples, demonstrating high sensitivity comparable to cell culture for PV, HEV-A, and HEV-C, but lower sensitivity for HEV-B.
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