Health care resource utilization and costs in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with posttransplant maintenance therapy

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) improves survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, posttransplant relapse remains the most common cause of treatment failure and death. Limited data exist on posttransplant health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs, particularly for patients initiating maintenance therapy. OBJECTIVE: To describe HCRU and costs among commercially insured patients, Medicaid enrollees from participating US states, and Medicare-eligible beneficiaries with employer-sponsored supplemental coverage who received maintenance therapy after allo-HCT compared with those receiving allo-HCT alone. METHODS: values. Cumulative costs were summarized using the mean with bootstrapped 95% CIs and the median. IPTW-weighted mean monthly costs were also calculated for each cohort. Transfusion burden was also evaluated. RESULTS: = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Those who received maintenance therapy following allo-HCT had higher IP admission and OP use rates and incurred more pharmacy costs. These findings highlight the need to balance the clinical benefits of maintenance therapy with its increased demands on health care resources.