Key result
Women had a lower overall risk of incident dementia compared to men (HR 0.83), and raised systolic blood pressure increased dementia risk in women (HR 1.08 per 20 mmHg) but not in men.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to evaluate sex differences in major cardiovascular risk factors for incident all-cause dementia, and to explore these effects by age and socioeconomic status.
Population
502,226 individuals in midlife with no prevalent dementia from the UK Biobank
Comparison
Sex differences across major cardiovascular risk factors
Design
Cohort study
Follow-up
Median 11.8 years
Authors
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Most CV risks associate similarly with dementia by sex except BP; leaves open whether sex-specific BP targets warrant trials.
Cohort (n=502,226)
Yes
Hazard Ratio: 0.83 (95% CI 0.77–0.89)
Absolute Event Rate: 5.88% vs 8.42%
Midlife cardiovascular risk factors increase dementia risk similarly in men and women, except for elevated blood pressure, which shows a dose-response relationship with dementia risk in women but a U-shaped relationship in men.
Gong et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Incident all-cause dementia (n=502,226). Female sex vs. Male sex was evaluated on Incident fatal or non-fatal all-cause dementia (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.89). Women had a lower overall risk of incident dementia compared to men (HR 0.83), and raised systolic blood pressure increased dementia risk in women (HR 1.08 per 20 mmHg) but not in men.