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Single amino acid changes in poliovirus can cause widespread changes to its antigenic structure, affecting neutralization by monoclonal antibodies.
Mutations have been identified in variants of poliovirus, type 1 (Mahoney) on the basis of their resistance to neutralization by individual monoclonal antibodies. The phenotypes of these variants were defined in terms of antibody binding; the pattern of epitopes expressed or able to be exploited for neutralization were complex. Single amino acid changes can have distant (in terms of linear sequence) and generalized effects on the antigenic structure of poliovirus and similarly constituted virions.
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Diamond et al. (1985) studied this question.
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