Why the study?
5-Fluorouracil can cause cardiovascular toxicity including myocardial infarction, requiring early recognition to promptly discontinue medication and address symptoms.
5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy can induce severe coronary vasospasm presenting as STEMI, which can be managed by prompt discontinuation of the agent and initiation of calcium channel blockers.
Prompt symptom recognition may reduce 5-FU cardiotoxicity harm; leaves open optimal prevention strategies.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and its prodrug, capecitabine, are commonly used chemotherapeutic agents for solid tumor management. While these agents can present with adverse side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and myelosuppression, they can also, less commonly, cause cardiovascular toxicity. This toxicity may manifest as cardiac arrhythmias, myocarditis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and even death. The management of 5-FU-related cardiotoxicity includes early recognition of symptom manifestation so that medication can be discontinued promptly and symptoms can be addressed appropriately. Here, we describe the case of a 72-year-old male who developed coronary vasospasm and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction shortly after the initiation of chemotherapy with 5-FU.
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Balaji et al. (2024) studied this question.
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