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the Theory of Human Caring from her personal views of nursing. She developed this middle-range theory to combine nursing with education, practice and social psychology studies (Watson, n.d.). There are three main conceptual elements in both the original and evolving theory. The concepts are evolved based on Dr. Watson's experience and background. The three concepts of Watson's Theory of Human Caring include carative factors, a caring relationship, and caring moments. Watson defined the four nursing metaparadigm: person, health, environment, and nursing. Regarding the internal criticism, the Theory of Human Caring is adequate and all the concepts are understandable. However, some areas need improvement. Regarding the external criticism, there are many theories that are related to caring, but the Theory of Human Caring is a unique theory since it consists of carative factors and clinical caritas process. Finally, Watson's theory was widely utilized in clinical practice and research. Even though the theory is complex and abstract, it is suitable as a middle range theory for future nursing discipline.
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Alharbi et al. (2020) studied this question.
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