Differences in Blood Pressure Riser Pattern in Patients with Acute Heart Failure with Reduced Mid-Range and Preserved Ejection Fraction

Figures

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  Figure 1. (A) Univariate HRs (95% CI) for all‐cause death in all patients. The black squares indicate the HRs for all‐cause death. The solid lines indicate the 95% CI. (B) Univariate HRs (95% CI) for all‐cause death in the HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF groups. The black rectangles, white triangles, and black diamonds indicate the HRs for all‐cause death in the HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF groups, respectively. Solid lines indicate the 95% CI. CI, confidence interval; HFmrEF, heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HR, hazard ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

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  Figure 2. The SBP and pulse rate profiles over 24 h of ABPM in the HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF groups. The dotted line is the riser pattern, and the solid line is the non‐riser pattern. CI, confidence interval; HFmrEF, heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HR, hazard ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

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  Figure 3. Kaplan–Meier event‐free survival curves for (A) all‐cause death and (B) cardiovascular death in patients with HFpEF, (C) all‐cause death and (D) cardiovascular death in patients with HFmrEF, and (E) all‐cause death and (F) cardiovascular death in patients with HFrEF in the riser group (dotted line) compared with the non‐riser group (solid line). HFmrEF, heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.