Population
Perfused rat hearts
Comparison
Perfusion with carbachol and isoproterenol or… vs Isoproterenol alone or forskolin alone
Design
Preclinical
Follow-up
up to 5 minutes
Authors
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Reveals cAMP-independent negative inotropy in ventricular muscle; leaves open relevance to intact hearts or human disease.
The negative inotropic effect of carbachol in ventricular muscle does not require antagonism of adenylyl cyclase activity.
Zhang et al. (1996) studied this question.
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