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Accurate computations of close-in environments near an air-soil interface cannot be made without including back emission, backscattering, and Klein-Nishina injection of electrons in the air. The one-dimensional self-consistent code POST1D is used to demonstrate the fact and estimate the degree to which vertical electric field intensities are overestimated otherwise. By implication soil albedo should be included, although we have not yet done so.
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Holland et al. (1983) studied this question.
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