Key result
Higher Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) was significantly associated with an increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with hypertension (OR 1.15).
Why the study?
Hypertension is globally prevalent and closely linked to CHF, prompting investigation into the correlation between the visceral adiposity index and CHF risk in individuals with hypertension.
Is a higher Visceral Adiposity Index associated with an increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with hypertension?
Cross-Sectional (n=3,613)
Yes
Is a higher Visceral Adiposity Index associated with an increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with hypertension?
Odds Ratio: 1.15 (95% CI 1.04–1.29)
Higher Visceral Adiposity Index is independently associated with an increased prevalence of congestive heart failure in patients with hypertension, suggesting its potential utility as a clinical risk assessment tool.
VAI may aid CHF risk assessment in hypertension; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before clinical use.
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally and is closely related to congestive heart failure (CHF). In this study, we explored the correlation between the risk of CHF in individuals with hypertension and the visceral adiposity index (VAI). This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2001 to 2018. A weighted logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between VAI and CHF. To further explore their relationship, propensity score matching (PSM), confounder adjustment methods, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis for nonlinearity, and subgroup analyses by sex, age, and race were also performed. A total of 3,613 patients were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that in the fully adjusted model, there was a significant positive correlation between VAI and CHF (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29); this association remained significant after PSM matching (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.45); and the association was still significant after excluding patients with CHD, MI, or stroke (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29). RCS results indicated a significant linear relationship between VAI and the risk of CHF (P-overall = 0.018, P-non-linear = 0.964). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between VAI and CHF in males, individuals under 60 years of age, those with educational attainment below high school, patients with diabetes, drinkers, non-smokers, non-CHD patients, those with AP, and non-stroke patients. This study demonstrates that VAI is effective for CHF risk assessment in hypertensive patients. • The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018. The large sample size and long time span enhanced the reliability and representativeness of the research findings. • The study examined the impact of factors such as sex, age, and race on the correlation between VAI and CHF. Subgroup analyses were conducted to reveal differences among different populations, providing potential evidence for personalized medical care. • The study demonstrated that VAI is effective for assessing CHF risk in hypertensive patients, offering scientific evidence for the potential use of VAI as a predictive indicator in clinical practice.
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Li et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=3,613). Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) vs. Lower VAI was evaluated on Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04, 1.29). Higher Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) was significantly associated with an increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with hypertension (OR 1.15).
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