Population
Neonatal and adult rat ventricle, and cultures of neonatal rat myocytes
Comparison
Phenylephrine (1 X 10 M) with or without… vs Baseline automatic rate; non-innervated vs…
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Alpha-adrenergic chronotropic responses vary by age and innervation in rat models; leaves open translation to human electrophysiology.
Sympathetic innervation modulates the myocardial response to alpha-adrenergic stimulation, explaining the developmental shift from a positive to negative chronotropic effect.
Drugge et al. (1985) studied this question.