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April 1, 1996Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers

Pulsatile flow past bileaflet aortic valve prostheses

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Population

In vitro experimental circulatory mock loop simulating the left heart with a glass-made model aorta

Comparison

Three aortic bileaflet mechanical valves: St… vs Comparison among the three valves

Design

Preclinical

Authors

JLJia-Shing LiuNational Health Research InstitutesPLPo‐Chien LuTamkang UniversitySCShu‐Hsun ChuGolden Biotech (Taiwan)

Discussion

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Implication

Should not yet guide valve selection in practice; in vitro data leave open clinical relevance of stress differences.

Key Points

  • To evaluate and compare the downstream pulsatile flow fields and turbulent shear stresses generated by three distinct bileaflet mechanical aortic valve prostheses in a simulated left heart model.
  • Mounted St. Jude Medical (SJM), CarboMedics (CM), and Edwards Tekna (DM) bileaflet valves in a glass model aorta with symmetrical sinuses within an in vitro mock circulatory loop.
  • Operated the flow loop at 70 beats per minute and 5 L/min cardiac output using a refractive index-matched blood analog fluid with a viscosity of 3.9 cP.
  • Measured pulsatile velocity distributions at five axial locations in the aortic sinus using a two-component laser Doppler anemometer.
  • All three prostheses exhibited distinct pulsatile flow patterns governed by leaflet geometry, opening angles, and hinge dynamics.
  • Turbulent stress magnitude varied across designs, with SJM demonstrating the lowest stress, CM exhibiting intermediate levels, and DM generating the highest stress.
  • All three mechanical valves produced turbulent stresses exceeding critical thresholds known to cause blood damage and clinical thrombosis.

Structured PICO

P
Population
In vitro experimental circulatory mock loop simulating the left heart with a glass-made model aorta
I
Intervention
Three aortic bileaflet mechanical valves: St. Jude Medical (SJM), CarboMedics (CM), Edwards Tekna (modified Duromedics, DM)
C
Comparator
Comparison among the three valves
O
Outcome
Distributions of pulsatile velocities and turbulent stress at five different axial locations inside the sinus of the aortasurrogate

In vitro testing reveals that different bileaflet mechanical aortic valves generate varying levels of turbulent stress, all of which exceed thresholds for blood damage.

Cite This Study

Liu et al. (1996) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8bd3c60c58d86fb4cade45https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.1996.9677794
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 3 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Model Studies at Mechanical Aortic Heart Valve Prostheses—Part I: Steady-State Flow Fields and Pressure Loss Coefficients1988 · 15 citations
  2. 2Two-Component Laser Velocimeter Measurements Downstream of Heart Valve Prostheses in Pulsatile Flow1986 · 30 citations
  3. 3Actin Polymerization and Its Relationship to Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity1968 · 4 citations