Key result
Exposure of a polyurethane/Co-Ni-Cr-Mo pacemaker lead to Hanks' physiological saline solution for 14 months resulted in solution leakage and changes on both metal and polyurethane surfaces.
In vitro exposure of polyurethane/Co-Ni-Cr-Mo pacemaker leads to physiological saline for 14 months results in solution leakage and surface degradation of both metal and insulation.
May indicate risk of chronic lead degradation; leaves open in vivo relevance and clinical impact.
An investigation to study changes in the metal surfaces and the polyurethane insulation of heart pacemaker leads under controlled in vitro conditions was conducted. A polyurethane (Pellethane 2363-80A)/Co-Ni-Cr-Mo (MP35N) wire lead was exposed in Hanks' physiological saline solution for 14 months and then analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray energy dispersive analysis, and small angle x-ray scattering. Results showed that some leakage of solution into the lead had occurred and changes were present on both the metal and the polyurethane surfaces.
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AC Fraker (1987) studied Pacemaker lead degradation. Exposure to Hanks' physiological saline solution was evaluated on Changes in metal surfaces and polyurethane insulation. Exposure of a polyurethane/Co-Ni-Cr-Mo pacemaker lead to Hanks' physiological saline solution for 14 months resulted in solution leakage and changes on both metal and polyurethane surfaces.
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