Key result
Cardiac relapse in myeloid leukemia can present with myocardial hypertrophy and constrictive cardiac physiology and be diagnosed via pericardial biopsy.
Why the study?
Cardiac relapse in leukemia rarely occurs during clinical follow-up and antemortem diagnosis is challenging because symptoms overlap with chemotherapeutic toxicity or infections.
Case Report (n=1)
Cardiac leukemic involvement, though rare clinically, can present with myocardial hypertrophy and constrictive physiology and be diagnosed via pericardial biopsy.
Cardiac leukemic relapse remains underdiagnosed ante mortem; this case extends sparse reports but leaves open systematic evaluation.
Extra medullary relapse (EMR) after stem cell transplantation can be seen up to 20% of acute leukemia patients (1). Moreover, EMR rarely occurs in the heart and there are few cases reporting cardiac relapses in leukemia (2-5). Despite exceedingly rare incidence during clinical follow-up, cardiac leukemic involvement can frequently detected microscopically in up to 40% of patients on postmortem examination (6). The ante mortem diagnostic process can be challenging because cardiac symptoms secondary to infections or chemotherapeutics are similar to the symptoms related with leukemic cardiac infiltration (7). We report a case of cardiac relapse in myeloid leukemia presenting with myocardial hypertrophy and constrictive cardiac physiology, that was diagnosed by pericardial biopsy.
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Aynur Acıbuca (2019) conducted a case report in Acute myeloid leukemia (n=1). Pericardial biopsy was evaluated. Cardiac relapse in myeloid leukemia can present with myocardial hypertrophy and constrictive cardiac physiology and be diagnosed via pericardial biopsy.
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