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September 2, 2026Critical Public HealthOpen Access

Global acute myeloid leukemia burden attributable to high body mass index, smoking, and occupational benzene/formaldehyde exposure: a spatiotemporal analysis from 1990 to 2021

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Authors

MYMan YangYZYoumei ZiAXAiju Xiao

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Overview

Cross-sectional analysis reveals shifting acute myeloid leukemia burden from smoking toward elevated body mass index across 204 territories, highlighting emerging targets for cancer prevention.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the global burden of acute myeloid leukemia attributable to high body mass index, smoking, benzene exposure, and formaldehyde exposure between 1990 and 2021.
  • Conducted a repeated cross-sectional analysis using Global Burden of Disease 2021 data across 204 countries and territories.
  • Calculated age-standardized mortality rates, age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rates, and estimated annual percentage changes for acute myeloid leukemia.
  • Global acute myeloid leukemia age-standardized mortality rate declined from 1.693 (95% UI, 1.356–2.077) to 1.566 (95% UI, 1.366–1.797) per 100,000 between 1990 and 2021.
  • Attributable disease burden increased by 19.6% for high body mass index (EAPC: 0.609) but decreased by 26.2% for smoking (EAPC: −0.929).
  • Benzene and formaldehyde exposure was the leading attributable risk among adolescents aged 15–19 years, whereas high body mass index predominated among adults aged 20 years and older.

Cite This Study

Yang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a97e2b1c562ede874ec6ffdhttps://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2026.2707738
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

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  4. 4Acute lymphoid leukemia burden attributable to occupational benzene exposure from 1990-2021: Global patterns, trends, and implications for prevention2025
  5. 5Analysis of global, regional, and national burden and attributable risk factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia from 1990 to 20212025 · 5 citations