Key result
Exercise training facilitates muscle-adipose tissue cross talk via secreted myokines and adipokines, which may alter white adipose tissue phenotype and improve overall metabolic health.
Exercise training promotes metabolic health through endocrine cross-talk between skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue via secreted myokines and adipokines.
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May support exercise for metabolic health via tissue crosstalk; leaves open whether specific myokines are actionable targets in trials.
Exercise training results in adaptations to both skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) and protects against metabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Exercise-induced adaptations include an altered profile of secreted proteins, both myokines (from skeletal muscle) and adipokines (from adipose tissue). These secreted proteins may act in an endocrine manner to facilitate tissue-to-tissue communication and "cross talk," likely working together to improve overall metabolic health. Some studies suggest that contracting skeletal muscles release myokines that may function to alter the phenotype of WAT, including WAT "beiging," in which there is increased expression of beige marker genes and increased presence of multilocular cells within the WAT.
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Stanford et al. (2017) conducted a review in Metabolic disorders (obesity, type 2 diabetes). Exercise training was evaluated. Exercise training facilitates muscle-adipose tissue cross talk via secreted myokines and adipokines, which may alter white adipose tissue phenotype and improve overall metabolic health.
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