Key result
The addition of Quil-A to the Montanide ISA 206 FMD vaccine induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers in sheep compared to Montanide ISA 206 alone (p<0.05), while combining Quil-A and E. coli DNA did not produce a synergistic effect.
Why the study?
Commercially available inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccines have low immunogenicity, and mineral oil adjuvants struggle to provide robust, long-term immune responses.
RCT (n=57)
Randomly divided into four groups
No
p-value: p=<0.05
Quil-A may enhance FMD vaccine immunogenicity in sheep; leaves open synergistic adjuvant combinations for further study.
Vaccination is one of the basic strategies in the fight against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in endemic regions. Today, commercially available FMD vaccines are prepared with inactive whole virion, which has low immunogenicity. Therefore, considerable effort has been devoted to finding novel adjuvants. Although mineral oils are among the most common adjuvants, it is still difficult to provide a long-term and robust immune response. Combined adjuvant systems are currently being studied to solve the problem. Saponins and CpG-ODNs have been shown to increase the immune response to vaccines individually in various studies. In this study, the effect of different adjuvants and their combinations (Quil-A, E. coli DNA, and MontanideTM ISA 206) on total and neutralizing antibody response in sheep was investigated. According to the results, the Quil-A group induced the highest antibody level, followed by the combination of Quil-A and the E. coli DNA group. The group containing E. coli DNA also caused a higher antibody response than the group containing only MontanideTM ISA 206 for certain days of sampling. These affordable alternatives of saponin and CpG sources can be used individually to increase the potency of the FMD vaccine for mass vaccinations of sheep. Keywords: foot-and-mouth disease; vaccine; adjuvant; Quil-A; E. coli DNA; combination of adjuvants.
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Çokçalışkan et al. (2022) conducted an RCT in Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination (n=57). Quil-A and/or E. coli DNA added to Montanide ISA 206 FMD vaccine vs. Montanide ISA 206 FMD vaccine alone was evaluated on Virus neutralizing antibody response and total FMD-specific antibodies (p=<0.05). The addition of Quil-A to the Montanide ISA 206 FMD vaccine induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers in sheep compared to Montanide ISA 206 alone (p<0.05), while combining Quil-A and E. coli DNA did not produce a synergistic effect.
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