Key result
Pediatric hypertension is linked to higher ET-1, NTpro-ANP, and TNF-a, indicating endothelial and inflammatory involvement.
Why the study?
Hypertension is regarded as a condition of mild inflammation and endothelial imbalance, prompting evaluation of serum biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function in hypertensive versus normotensive children.
Cross-Sectional (n=97)
No
Absolute Event Rate: 9.93% vs 4.03%
p-value: p=<0.001
Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (ET-1, NT-pro ANP, and TNF-α) are significantly elevated in children with primary and renal hypertension.
Higher ET-1, NTpro-ANP, and TNF-α in hypertensive children may signal endothelial inflammation; leaves open biomarker utility pending larger studies.
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is regarded as a condition of mild inflammation and endothelial imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function: tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and N-terminal fragment of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NTpro-ANP) in hypertensive and normotensive children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 63 children aged 13.56 ± 3.73 years, divided into two groups: a group with primary hypertension (n = 50) and a group with renal hypertension (n = 13). The control group consisted of 34 normotensive children aged 12.76 ± 3.96 years. Biomarkers were measured with ELISA tests. RESULTS: ET-1 levels were significantly higher in primary hypertension (9.93 ± 1.73 pg/ml) and renal hypertension (10.77 ± 1.50 pg/ml) in comparison to controls (4.03 ± 0.97 pg/ml), (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). NT-pro ANP concentrations in primary hypertension (71.03 ± 10.02 pg/ml), and renal hypertension (84.78 ± 6.44 pg/ml) were significantly higher than in the control group (29.62 ± 5.56 pg/ml) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). TNF-α concentrations in primary hypertension (8.36 ± 1.60 pg/ml) and renal hypertension (7.35 ± 0.93 pg/ml) significantly exceeded concentrations in controls (4.49 ± 0.93 pg/ml), (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). ET-1 and NT-pro ANP concentrations in renal hypertension significantly exceeded those in primary hypertension (p = 0.049, p < 0.001, respectively) while TNF-α levels in renal hypertension were significantly lower than in primary hypertension (p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show that ET-1, NT-pro ANP, and TNF-a concentrations are increased in hypertension in children. Our investigation indicates significant importance of inflammation and endothelial involvement in hypertension in youth.
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Banaszak et al. (2019) conducted a cross-sectional in Primary and renal hypertension (n=97). Hypertension (primary or renal) vs. Normotensive controls was evaluated on Serum ET-1 concentration (pg/ml) in primary hypertension (p=<0.001). Children with primary and renal hypertension had significantly higher serum concentrations of ET-1, NTpro-ANP, and TNF-a compared to normotensive controls (p < 0.001), indicating endothelial and inflammatory involvement.
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