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September 17, 2026BMC Women s HealthOpen Access

The relationship between serum E2F1 and MMP-9 levels and clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

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Authors

YKYunhong KongHebei Medical UniversityMSMaohong SunChangshu No.1 People's HospitalHTHuijuan TaoXian Central Hospital

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Implication

Retrospective study demonstrates elevated serum E2F1 and MMP-9 predict poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer, highlighting their value as combined predictive biomarkers.

Key Points

  • To examine associations between serum E2F1 and MMP-9 concentrations and clinicopathological characteristics and assess their prognostic utility in epithelial ovarian cancer.
  • Retrospective analysis of 80 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer followed for 2 years, categorized into survival (n=54) and death (n=26) groups.
  • Serum concentrations of E2F1 and MMP-9 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Prognostic performance was evaluated using Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier curves, ROC analysis, bootstrap-validated nomogram construction, and external validation via Kaplan-Meier Plotter.
  • High E2F1 (HR=8.036, 95% CI: 3.018–21.390, P<0.001) and MMP-9 (HR=6.936, 95% CI: 3.052–15.760, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality, with combined elevation conferring an HR of 16.410 (95% CI: 6.763–39.830, P<0.001).
  • Combined biomarker detection demonstrated an AUC of 0.941, significantly outperforming CA125 alone (AUC=0.787, P=0.017).
  • The integrated nomogram achieved an internal bootstrap-validated AUC of 0.960 (95% CI: 0.918–0.991), significantly outperforming FIGO stage alone (AUC=0.793, 95% CI: 0.705–0.878).

Cite This Study

Kong et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aabb69c5f706d05830e51c9https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-026-04713-7
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