Key result
Prosthetic leaflet entrapment causes type I aortic dissection via high-velocity jet in one patient.
Why the study?
Malfunction of prosthetic aortic valves can lead to life-threatening complications including increased risk of aortic dissection related to aortic root pathology rather than prosthetic type or function.
Case Report (n=1)
This case highlights the importance of regular surveillance following aortic valve replacement, particularly in patients with an 'at-risk' aorta, to detect valve malfunction and prevent life-threatening complications like aortic dissection.
Malfunction of a prosthetic aortic valve is associated with a spectrum of potentially life threatening complications. In addition, the risk of aortic dissection increases following aortic valve replacement, which relates principally to aortic root pathology rather than prosthetic type or its functional status (Circulation 100 (1999) II-287). We report a case in which a high velocity turbulent jet in the proximal aorta, resulting from prosthetic leaflet entrapment caused intimal injury with subsequent type I dissection. This highlights the desirability for regular surveillance following aortic valve replacement, particularly in those patients with an 'at-risk' aorta.
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Andrew D Muir (2003) conducted a case report in Acute aortic dissection following non-structural failure of a prosthetic aortic valve (n=1). Prosthetic leaflet entrapment was evaluated on Type I aortic dissection. Prosthetic leaflet entrapment caused a high velocity turbulent jet in the proximal aorta, leading to intimal injury and subsequent type I aortic dissection in a single patient.
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