Key result
Longer diabetes duration linked to ~5% higher PAD risk, alongside elevated BUN and lower hemoglobin.
Why the study?
Existing scoring systems to predict heart failure survival often focus on transplant recipients or do not consider patient response to therapy, necessitating evaluation of simple clinical predictors of survival in congestive heart failure.
Population
680 patients with ejection fraction less than 40%
Comparison
Patients with and without ejection fraction improvement and other clinical parameters
Design
Cohort study with univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis
Follow-up
Up to 5 years
Authors
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May aid PAD risk stratification in type 2 diabetes; hypothesis-generating pending prospective validation.
Cohort (n=474)
No
Odds Ratio: 1.05 (95% CI 1.02–1.07)
p-value: p=0.002
Heywood et al. (2005) conducted a cohort in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Peripheral Artery Disease (n=474). Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus vs. Shorter disease duration was evaluated on Peripheral artery disease (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07, p=0.002). Longer duration of type 2 diabetes (OR 1.05), elevated blood urea nitrogen, and lower hemoglobin levels were independent risk factors for peripheral artery disease, which were combined into a predictive nomogram with an AUC of 0.765.
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