Pengaruh Suplementasi Vitamin D dengan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, primarily resulting from insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic beta-cell function. Genetic predisposition, lifestyle changes, and unhealthy dietary patterns are among the major factors contributing to the increasing prevalence of T2DM. This study aimed to analyze the effects of vitamin D supplementation on type 2 diabetes mellitus. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted by reviewing articles published in nationally accredited SINTA-indexed journals and internationally indexed Scopus journals between 2020 and 2025. The findings indicate that vitamin D supplementation, particularly its active form, calcitriol [1,25(OH)₂D₃], may exert anti-inflammatory effects and potentially improve insulin sensitivity through several metabolic pathways. Vitamin D has been associated with the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism and fatty acid oxidation. In addition, vitamin D may modulate the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, thereby contributing to the regulation of cellular metabolism and metabolic homeostasis. These findings suggest that vitamin D may have a potential role as an adjunctive component in the comprehensive management of T2DM.