Different types of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the associated factors

Aim: Diabetes and dyslipidemia are common diseases that can be seen together. In this study, we aimed to investigate factors affecting the type of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 596 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the outpatient diabetes clinic of the Istanbul Medeniyet University between January 2017 and December 2019. Patient laboratory, clinical, and sociodemographic data were retrieved from medical records. Results: Of all patients, 52% were diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL) and 56.4% had a history of hypertriglyceridemia. Four hundred and forty-four (74%) patients had abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (≥100 mg/dL). Eighty percent of the female patients and 67.4% of the male patients had abnormal LDLC levels, and the difference between the two sexes was statistically significant (p<0.001). Triglyceride levels were higher in the patients with a hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) level ≥7% (p<0.001). Smokers had significantly higher levels of LDL-C (p=0.03) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.038) than non-smokers. The mean body mass index was higher for the group of non-smokers than for the smokers (p<0.001). The rates of hypertriglyceridemia and obesity were significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in those without (p=0.036 and p=0.013, respectively).Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is common in diabetic patients, especially women. A complete examination of the patient should include the consideration of conditions associated with dyslipidemia.