Comparative Assessment of Echocardiography Indicators in Pregnant Women Depending on the Form of Arterial Hypertension

Objective: To identify the features of hemodynamic parameters in pregnant women with pre-existed/chronic arterial hypertension (CAH) and gestational arterial hypertension (GAH). Design and method: Study included 61 pregnant women with arterial hypertension. Women were divided into 2 groups: I group included women with CAH (n=31) and II group included women with GAH (n=30) according to the 2018 ESC during pregnancy. All women underwent a medical history taking, BP measurement, ECG, EchoCG, 24-hour BP monitoring. Statistical analysis of obtained data was carried out using STATISTICA 13 program. Results: Analysis showed, CAH was more common in women whose average age exceeded 30 years, while GAH in those under 30 years of age (32.7±4.8 years and 27.2±5.7 years, in groups I and II, p=0.0001). They also differed in number of pregnancies 3.3±1.2 and 2.5±1.35, p 0.0174 and births 2.7±1.05 and 2.13±1.0, p 0.0341. Groups had similar SBP values 153.8±16.4 mmHg and 150.2±8.1 mmHg, p 0.2840, but differed in DBP 96.4±7.6 mmHg and 88.6±5.9 mmHg, p 0.0002. Statistically significant high DBP rates in I group, in our opinion, are associated with greater activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in CAH, whereas in GAH, hormonal and immunological mechanisms are more important. EchoCG indicators were within normal values, but had own characteristics. So in I group, IVST was 0.98±0.14 cm; PWT was 0.93±0.12 cm; LV mass was 166.96±49.6 g; LV index mass was 90.97±22.94; EDV was 108.45±23.72 ml; EF was 64.9±4.9%. In II group IVST was 0.94±0.12 cm, p 0.2364; PWT was 0.92±0.10 cm, p 0, 7254, LV mass was 154.1±30.8 g, p 0.2304; LV index mass was 82.56±17.14, p 0.1110; EDV was 102.63±17.42 ml, p 0.2805; EF was 65.6±3.8%, p 0.5839. Among women included in the study, there were no women with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in both groups, E/A = 1.3±0.2. Conclusions: Preliminary results show that women with CAH have an older age and higher DBP compared with pregnant women with HAG. The next stage of the study will be a comparative assessment of development of such end points as preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnant women with CAH and GAH.