Key result
Aerobic and resistance training reduce daytime systolic BP up to ~7 mmHg and improve endothelial function.
Why the study?
It was hypothesized that both aerobic and dynamic resistance training improve inflammation, endothelial function, and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in middle-aged hypertensive adults, with aerobic training being more effective.
Does aerobic or resistance exercise training improve inflammation, endothelial function, and ambulatory blood pressure in middle-aged hypertensive patients?
RCT (n=42)
Does aerobic or resistance exercise training improve inflammation, endothelial function, and ambulatory blood pressure in middle-aged hypertensive patients?
Both aerobic and resistance training improve blood pressure and endothelial function in hypertensive patients on medication, but aerobic training additionally reduces systemic inflammation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports exercise training as adjunct therapy in medicated hypertensives; extends evidence to ambulatory BP and endothelial outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The current randomized controlled trial tested the hypothesis that both aerobic training and dynamic resistance training will improve inflammation, endothelial function and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in middle-aged adults with hypertension, but aerobic training would be more effective. METHODS: Forty-two hypertensive patients on at least one antihypertensive medication (19 men/23 women; 30-59 years of age) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of supervised aerobic training (n = 15), resistance training (n = 15) or a nonexercise control (n = 12) group. Inflammation, endothelial function, 24-h ABP and related measures were evaluated at pre and postintervention. RESULTS: We found that aerobic training and resistance training were well tolerated. Both aerobic training and resistance training reduced daytime systolic ABP (-7.2 ± 7.9 and -4.4 ± 5.8 mmHg; P < 0.05) and 24-h systolic ABP (-5.6 ± 6.2 and -3.2 ± 6.4 mmHg; P < 0.05). aerobic training and resistance training both improved brachial artery flow-mediated dilation by 1.7 ± 2.8 and 1.4 ± 2.6%, respectively (7.59 ± 3.36 vs. 9.26 ± 2.93 and 7.24 ± 3.18 vs. 8.58 ± 2.37; pre vs. post P < 0.05). However, only aerobic training decreased markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1) and endothelin-1 and increased nitrite and nitrate levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Healthcare providers should continue to emphasize aerobic training for hypertension management given the established role of nitric oxide, endothelin-1 and chronic low-level inflammation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. However, our study demonstrates that resistance training should also be encouraged for middle-aged hypertensive patients. Our results also suggest that even if patients are on antihypertensive medications, regular aerobic training and resistance training are beneficial for blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease risk reduction.
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Boeno et al. (2020) conducted an RCT in hypertension (n=42). Aerobic training and resistance training vs. Nonexercise control was evaluated on Inflammation, endothelial function, and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (p=<0.05). Both 12-week aerobic and resistance training reduced daytime systolic ambulatory blood pressure (-7.2 and -4.4 mmHg, respectively; P<0.05) and improved endothelial function in hypertensive adults.
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