Genome analysis revealed novel genotypes and recombination of the human parechoviruses prevalent in children in Eastern China

Figures

• 

  Fig. 1. Sequence divergence and phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome of HPeVs in the present study. a Nucleotide sequence divergence of the 17 HPeVs in this study was established using AliGROOVE software. The scores were ranging from 0 to +1 indicating the non-random similarity. The darker blue indicated the higher non-randomized accordancy between pairwise sequence comparisons. Strain names in this study were listed on top and the right hand side of the matrix; b neighbor joining phylogenetic tree was constructed with Mega5.0 from multiple alignments of the complete genome of the 17 HPeVs in the present study and other 47 HPeVs with complete genome sequence available in GenBank. Two Ljungan virus strains were included as outgroup. Bootstrap values are indicated at the nodes. The scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per position for a unit branch length. Viruses identified in the present study were displayed with diamonds

• 

  Fig. 2. Identification of the recombination event based on complete genome of the potential recombinant 146Chzj02. a BOOTSCAN evidence for the recombination origin on the basis of pairwise distance, modeled with a window size 200, step size 20, and 100 Bootstrap replicates using RDP3.0 software; b similarity analysis of complete genomes of potential recombinant 146Chzj02 and its three potential parental strains using Simplot Version 3.5.1 software by a sliding window of 200 nucleotides moving in steps of 20 nucleotides. The shadowy area indicated the recombination event. c Neighbor joining tree constructed using the recombinant region (5694–6798nt); d neighbor joining tree constructed using the non-recombinant region. The nucleotide position is indicated based on the genome sequence of 146Chzj02