Key result
Enterovirus E productively infected bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, decreasing cell viability at high doses and stimulating the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.
Why the study?
Enterovirus E is an endemic cattle pathogen, but little is known about its potential interactions with bovine immune cells.
Enterovirus E can productively infect bovine immune cells, reducing cell viability at high doses and stimulating pro-inflammatory cytokine release, suggesting potential immune evasion mechanisms.
May indicate immune involvement in EV-E pathogenesis in cattle; leaves open need for in vivo confirmation before any clinical relevance.
Introduction: Enterovirus E (EV-E) is a common viral pathogen endemic in cattle worldwide. Little is known, however, about its potential interactions with bovine immune cells. Material and Methods: The EV-E-permissiveness of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated. The infectious titres of extracellular virus were measured and the intracellular viral RNA levels were determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR after cell inoculation. The effects of EV-E on cell viability and proliferative response were investigated with a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium bromide reduction assay, the percentages of main lymphocyte subsets and oxidative burst activity of blood phagocytes were determined with flow cytometry, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion was measured with an ELISA. Results: Enterovirus E productively infected bovine PBMCs. The highest infectious dose of EV-E decreased cell viability and T-cell proliferation. All of the tested doses of virus inhibited the proliferation of high responding to lipopolysaccharide B cells and stimulated the secretion of interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor α pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: Interactions of EV-E with bovine immune cells may indicate potential evasion mechanisms of the virus. There is also a risk that an infection with this virus can predispose the organism to secondary infections, especially bacterial ones.
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Małaczewska et al. (2023) studied Healthy (n=10). Enterovirus E (EV-E) vs. Uninfected control cells was evaluated on Cell viability and proliferative response. Enterovirus E productively infected bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, decreasing cell viability at high doses and stimulating the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.
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