Why the study?
Does the Insertion I/ Deletion D polymorphism of the ACE gene increase susceptibility to hypertension and/or type II diabetes?
Does the Insertion I/ Deletion D polymorphism of the ACE gene increase susceptibility to hypertension and/or type II diabetes?
The D allele of the ACE gene is associated with an increased susceptibility to hypertension, but may protect against diabetes alone.
Does not support routine ACE genotyping yet; extends case-control associations but leaves clinical utility and diabetes links open.
The causes of hypertension and type II diabetes (NIDDM) are mainly unknown, but they arise from interplay between several genetic and environmental factors. Hence the present study was aimed to investigate whether the Insertion I/ Deletion D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene increase the susceptibility to hypertension and / or diabetes. ACE gene was genotyped in 200 hypertension patients, 100 type II diabetic patients and 200 age and sex matched controls. From the present data it was observed that in hypertension patients genotypic and allelic frequencies were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05). The DD genotype was strongly associated with hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 2.02, confidence interval (CI) = 1.14-3.58, p<0.05] and remained so when patients with type II diabetes were excluded from the analysis (OR = 2.07, CI = 1.10-3.93, p<0.05) and significant association was not obtained in diabetic patients without hypertension. From the present results, it was concluded that D allele of ACE gene protects against diabetes, however it increases susceptibility to hypertension particularly when associated with type II diabetes.
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Bhavani et al. (2005) studied this question.
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