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January 1, 1967The Journal of PhysiologyOpen Access

Intracellular sodium concentration and resting sodium fluxes of the frog heart ventricle

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Population

Frog heart ventricles

Design

Preclinical

Authors

MKM. KeenanRNR. NiedergerkeGoogle (United States)

Discussion

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Implication

Frog ventricular sodium fluxes provide historical benchmarks; extends early ion transport models but leaves open mammalian translation.

Key Points

  • To measure the intracellular sodium and potassium concentrations and quantify resting sodium influx and efflux in frog ventricular myocardium.
  • Measured intracellular sodium in frog heart ventricles using (24)Na to label exchangeable sodium alongside [(35)S]sulphate or [(14)C]sucrose to mark extracellular volume.
  • Assessed intracellular potassium concentration using flame-photometric analysis.
  • Determined resting sodium efflux using double-tracer techniques and potassium-exchange methods, while estimating resting sodium influx indirectly via net potassium efflux during potassium-depleted perfusion.
  • Intracellular sodium concentration was between 5 and 10 m-mole/kg cell water, whereas intracellular potassium concentration was approximately 163 m-mole/kg cell water.
  • Resting cellular sodium efflux measured between 50 and 100 p-mole/cm² sec across both experimental methods, alongside substantial sodium release from extra-myocardial compartments.
  • Indirect estimation from potassium efflux during potassium-depleted perfusion demonstrated a resting sodium influx of approximately 2 to 3 p-mole/cm² sec.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Frog heart ventricles
I
Intervention
Tracer techniques using (24)Na, (35)S-sulphate, or (14)C-sucrose, and perfusion with potassium-depleted fluids
O
Outcome
Intracellular sodium concentration and resting sodium fluxes (efflux and influx)surrogate

This basic science study quantified intracellular sodium concentration and resting sodium fluxes in frog heart ventricles, providing fundamental electrophysiological data.

Cite This Study

Keenan et al. (1967) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7ea11d061146f178a6c40ehttps://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1967.sp008136
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 4 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The dependence of the action potential of the frog's heart on the external and intracellular sodium concentration1966 · 86 citations
  2. 2The dual effect of calcium on the action potential of the frog's heart1966 · 207 citations
  3. 3Sodium Exchange in the Frog Heart Ventricle1957 · 20 citations
  4. 4Currents carried by sodium and potassium ions through the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo1952 · 2,524 citations