In a dog model, epinephrine and norepinephrine increase vascular resistance via small vessel constriction, while serotonin has differential effects on large and small vessels without changing total resistance.
Animal data on catecholamine and serotonin vessel effects require human validation; leaves open clinical translation of size-specific actions.
Locally injected epinephrine and norepinephrine elevate dog foreleg total vascular resistance primarily through small vessel constriction. Serotonin does not significantly change total resistance, constricts large arteries and veins and dilates small vessels.
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Haddy et al. (1957) studied this question.
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