Population
Conscious, unrestrained rats
Comparison
Infusion of calcium antagonists, with or without… vs Control rats
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Should not change clinical use of calcium antagonists; leaves open the role of autonomic reflexes in their venodilator effects.
Calcium antagonists exhibit greater dilator effects in arterioles compared to veins, and their direct venodilator effects in conscious rats are masked by reflex autonomic nervous system activation.
Waite et al. (1988) studied this question.
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