Key result
Cultured cells acquire susceptibility to poliovirus by losing the rapid and robust interferon response that is normally maintained in vivo.
In vitro poliovirus findings require cautious interpretation; leaves open whether interferon preservation protects patients in vivo.
Poliovirus is the causative agent of poliomyelitis. It replicates efficiently in the neurons in the central nervous system and produces severe pathological lesions. It cannot replicate well in the non-neural tissues. In spite of this strict neurotropism in vivo, however, it can replicate in cells of monolayer cultures derived from almost any tissues of primates as Enders and colleagues initially shown. It was supposed that cellular changes during the process of cultivation were required for acquisition of susceptibility. This question remained unsolved for a long time. We have recently shown that cells in culture acquire poliovirus susceptibility by loosing rapid and robust interferon response that has been normally maintained in tissues in vivo.
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Satoshi Koike (2006) conducted a review in Poliovirus infection. In vitro cell culture vs. In vivo tissue was evaluated. Cultured cells acquire susceptibility to poliovirus by losing the rapid and robust interferon response that is normally maintained in vivo.