What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Other. Population: Foot-and-mouth disease (n=30). Intervention: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) inoculation vs. PBS. Primary outcome: Tissue tropism and gross lesion scoring in heart, trachea, and lungs (p=<0.05).

What question did this study set out to answer?

To identify the lineage of a foot-and-mouth disease virus isolate and assess its pathological effects and tissue tropism in guinea pig cardiac and respiratory systems.

July 16, 2022Indian Journal of Animal ResearchOpen Access

In vitro Adaptation, Molecular Characterization and Tissue Tropism of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus in Guinea Pigs

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Foot-and-mouth disease virus inoculation in guinea pigs caused significant gross and histopathological lesions in the heart, trachea, and lungs up to 14 days post-infection.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To identify the lineage of a foot-and-mouth disease virus isolate and assess its pathological effects and tissue tropism in guinea pig cardiac and respiratory systems.

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Key result

Foot-and-mouth disease virus inoculation in guinea pigs caused significant gross and histopathological lesions in the heart, trachea, and lungs up to 14 days post-infection.

Why the study?

Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious disease in cloven-footed animals and is endemic in Pakistan.

Population

30 guinea pigs

Design

Preclinical animal study

Follow-up

Day 1 to 28

Authors

AMAbeera MubarakProject Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease MTMuhammad Yasin TipuUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences AAAsim AslamUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Discussion

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Implication

Guinea pig FMD tropism data remain hypothesis-generating; leaves open validation in natural hosts before any translational relevance.

Key Points

To identify the lineage of a foot-and-mouth disease virus isolate and assess its pathological effects and tissue tropism in guinea pig cardiac and respiratory systems.
Performed molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis on a field isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
Calculated biological viral titers and infectious dose 50, then inoculated 30 guinea pigs (N=30) via the hind metatarsal foot pads.
Assessed viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism in heart, trachea, and lungs at intervals from day 1 to 28 post-inoculation using histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
Phylogenetic analysis classified the isolate within the ME-SA topotype of serotype O, specifically lineage Pan-Asia II.
Gross and microscopic pathology revealed heart and tracheal hemorrhages, myocardial necrosis, tracheal epithelial sloughing, and pulmonary and bronchial edema.
Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated viral antigen persistence in cardiac, tracheal, and lung tissues up to 14 days post-inoculation.

Structured PICO

Population

30 guinea pigs weighing 250-300 gm were inoculated with foot-and-mouth disease virus or PBS to study viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism over 28 days.

Intervention

Injection of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus field isolate into the hind metatarsal feet pads

Outcome

Pathogenesis of the disease and tissue tropism in heart and respiratory organs (pathological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings)surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

Guinea pigs can serve as a cost-effective small animal model to study the pathogenesis and cardiac tissue tropism of the Foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Limitations

Lack of prior histopathological data on FMD in guinea pigs for direct comparison
Higher death percentage compared to previous studies, possibly due to differences in virus dose rate, age, and weight of the animals

Cite This Study

Mubarak et al. (2022) studied Foot-and-mouth disease (n=30). Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) inoculation vs. PBS was evaluated on Tissue tropism and gross lesion scoring in heart, trachea, and lungs (p=<0.05). Foot-and-mouth disease virus inoculation in guinea pigs caused significant gross and histopathological lesions in the heart, trachea, and lungs up to 14 days post-infection.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9a5e5d26bdba86e64e37f6 https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1537

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In vitro Adaptation, Molecular Characterization and Tissue Tropism of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus in Guinea Pigs

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Cite This Study

In vitro Adaptation, Molecular Characterization and Tissue Tropism of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus in Guinea Pigs

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider