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October 1, 1985AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology

Increased arteriolar wall-to-lumen ratio in a normotensive vascular bed in coarctation hypertension

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Key result

Coarctation of the abdominal aorta in rats elevated the wall-to-lumen ratio and wall thickness in cremaster arterioles by 12-33% compared with sham coarctation.

Population

Rats with coarctation of the abdominal aorta, sham coarctation, one-kidney normotensive control, and…

Comparison

Coarctation of the abdominal aorta (clipping) vs Sham coarctation

Design

Preclinical

Follow-up

4 weeks

Authors

WPW. PlunkettThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHOH. W. OverbeckWest Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine

Discussion

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Implication

Suggests non-pressure factors contribute to arteriolar remodeling in hypertension; hypothesis-generating in rats, leaves open human translation.

Key Points

  • To determine whether structural microvascular remodeling in coarctation hypertension occurs in vascular beds that remain normotensive.
  • Examined third- to fifth-order arterioles in the cremaster microcirculation of rats under chloralose-urethan anesthesia 4 weeks after abdominal aortic coarctation or sham surgery.
  • Measured arteriolar wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio at baseline and after maximal vasodilation via topical nitroprusside, comparing results with one-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats.
  • Carotid blood pressure was significantly elevated in coarcted versus sham-coarcted rats, whereas femoral pressure remained normotensive.
  • Cremaster arteriolar wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio were elevated by 12% to 33% in coarcted rats relative to sham controls in the resting state.
  • Differences in arteriolar wall-to-lumen ratio persisted following maximal nitroprusside-induced dilation, matching structural microvascular changes seen in Goldblatt hypertensive rats.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Rats with coarctation or sham coarctation of the abdominal aorta evaluated 4 weeks after clipping.
I
Intervention
Coarctation of the abdominal aorta (clipping)
C
Comparator
Sham coarctation
O
Outcome
Wall-to-lumen ratio and wall thickness in cremaster arteriolessurrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: 12-33% elevation

Non-pressure-related changes in vascular structure in hypertension may result from systemic neural or humoral influences and/or local growth factors.

Cite This Study

Plunkett et al. (1985) studied Coarctation hypertension. Coarctation of the abdominal aorta vs. Sham coarctation was evaluated on Wall-to-lumen ratio and wall thickness in cremaster arterioles (12-33% elevation). Coarctation of the abdominal aorta in rats elevated the wall-to-lumen ratio and wall thickness in cremaster arterioles by 12-33% compared with sham coarctation.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a94d994b1b9682fb47c408ehttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.249.4.h859

Topics

Hypertension management
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Attenuated microvascular alterations in coarctation hypertension1989 · 16 citations
  2. 2Morphometric evidence for non-pressure-related arterial wall thickening in hypertension.1988 · 30 citations
  3. 3Increased resistance and impaired maximal vasodilation in normotensive vascular beds of rats with coarctation hypertension.1979 · 31 citations
  4. 4Pressure-independent arteriolar rarefaction in hypertension1991 · 30 citations
  5. 5Vascular smooth muscle responses to endothelial autacoids in rats with chronic coarctation hypertension1993 · 22 citations